Solar power is an alternative source of energy that substitutes all other conventional sources. The radiant rays of the sun are captured by solar cells which are placed in an array. They convert the rays into electricity which can be used for running utilities and lighting homes and offices.

Solar panels have become the prime slogan of green revolution. They not only balance the environment and the human existence, but also curtail the extinction of natural resources. The bright and glorious future of solar panels lies in the hands of the consumers who understand its benefits.

Photovoltaic Cells (PV)
Solar cells or Photovoltaic cells absorbs the sunlight and produces energy. They contain semi-conductors which converts the light into energy instantly. PV cells are reliable and long lasting. They do not require special maintenance. If used properly, they would last for around 20-25 years. Not all the solar panels have similar kind of cells. Though the technology is ever growing there are 4 types of cells which are used widely in the solar panels:

1. Thin films

2. Crystalline Silicon Cells

3. Thermo photovoltaic Solar Cell

4. Concentrators

Thin film solar cells: These cells are thin; light weighted and easy to assemble. The amorphous silicon thin film is just 1 micron thick. These cells are very affordable. Non-silicon semiconductors such as copper, Gallium and Selenium are used in thin film solar technology.

Crystalline Silicon Cells: Crystalline solar cells are used in huge solar power plants. They are very similar to semiconductors. They contain 2 layers- negative layer and positive layer. These layers create electric field. Polycrystalline silicon cells are made up of tiny silicon crystals. Though they are small in size, their efficiency is uncompromised.

Thermo photovoltaic solar cell: Unlike the other cells these cells convert heat into electricity. These cells use semiconductors which absorb infrared rays and UV rays emitted by the sun. The best part of these cells is that they generate electricity not only from the sun rays, but also from any source of heat. Thermo photovoltaic cells are used in furnaces and charging heavy duty batteries. They are easy to maintain and pollution free.

Concentrators: If you are aware of the functions of optical lens, you can understand the functions of concentrators better. The lens placed in the panel concentrate the sunlight in a single area to increase the production of electricity. If compared to other cells the performance of concentrators are more effective and efficient. These cells are used in high end technologies such as space craft and satellites. To maintain the direction towards the sun, tracking instruments can be installed along with the concentrators.